clinical q&a library
Explore a database of clinical questions answered by iatroX, referencing established clinical guidelines, SmPCs, and peer-reviewed literature.
What is the appropriate follow-up for patients who have used emergency contraception, particularly regarding ongoing contraceptive needs?
Appropriate follow-up for patients who have used emergency contraception (EC) involves ensuring effective ongoing contraception and pregnancy exclusi...
What are the recommended initial assessments for an adult presenting with hearing loss in primary care?
Initial assessments for an adult presenting with hearing loss in primary care include:Excluding impacted earwax and acute infect...
When should I consider referring an adult patient with constipation for further investigation?
Consider referring an adult patient with constipation for further investigation if:There are features suggestive of bowel obstru...
What are the recommended first-line treatments for acute cough in children under 5 years old?
Recommended first-line treatments for acute cough in children under 5 years old:For children with signs suggestive of pneumonia,...
What criteria should I use to determine if a child with croup requires hospital admission?
Criteria for hospital admission in children with croup include:Presence of moderate or severe illness features, or signs of impe...
How can I differentiate between a ganglion cyst and other soft tissue masses during a clinical examination?
During a clinical examination, differentiating a ganglion cyst from other soft tissue masses involves a systematic assessment of the lump's characteristics....
What is the recommended management for a child with gastroenteritis who is showing signs of dehydration?
Use oral rehydration therapy (ORS) solution to rehydrate children, including those with hypernatraemia, unless intravenous fluid therapy is indicated 1...
How can I differentiate between different types of faecal incontinence during the assessment?
During the assessment of faecal incontinence, differentiation between types involves a focused baseline assessment that includes taking a relevant medical hi...
What are the recommended management strategies for a patient diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome, particularly regarding surgical options?
Recommended management strategies for Cushing's syndrome focus on normalising cortisol levels and treating the underlying cause....
What are the recommended diagnostic tests for confirming genital herpes in a patient with typical symptoms?
To confirm a diagnosis of genital herpes in a patient presenting with typical symptoms, the recommended diagnostic test is to take a virology swab from any a...
How do I interpret the results of the aldosterone-to-renin ratio in the context of diagnosing primary aldosteronism?
Interpretation of the aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) in diagnosing primary aldosteronism (PA) requires understanding that a raised ARR is ...
What screening tools are recommended for the identification of frailty in older adults in primary care?
The primary recommended screening tool for identifying frailty in older adults within primary care settings is the Electronic Frailty Index (eFI)...
What are the recommended first-line treatments for genital warts in primary care?
In primary care, the management of anogenital warts is possible if referral to a sexual health specialist is not feasible or acceptable, and if the appropria...
What initial investigations should I perform for a patient presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding to rule out endometrial cancer?
Initial investigations to exclude endometrial cancer for a patient presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding depend on the patient's age and specific sy...
What are the recommended vaccination guidelines for Hepatitis A in adults and children in the UK?
Vaccination against hepatitis A is recommended for anyone aged 1 year and over travelling to areas where hepatitis A vaccination is advised, particularly for...
What are the recommended screening tools for assessing cognitive impairment in older adults during a routine GP visit?
For assessing suspected cognitive impairment in older adults during a routine general practice consultation, several validated brief structured cognitive ins...
What are the key clinical features to differentiate frozen shoulder from other shoulder pathologies?
The key clinical features used to differentiate frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis) from other shoulder pathologies primarily revolve around the characteri...
What are the recommended vaccinations for patients with Crohn's disease on immunosuppressive therapy?
The provided UK guideline excerpts do not specify a list of recommended vaccinations for patients with Crohn's disease who are receiving immunosuppressive th...
What are the current UK guidelines for screening high-risk populations for Hepatitis B?
GPs and practice nurses should offer testing for hepatitis B to people who are newly registered with the practice and belong to a group at increased risk of ...