What criteria should I use to refer a patient with androgenetic alopecia to a specialist?
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
clinical q&a library
Explore a database of clinical questions answered by iatroX, referencing established clinical guidelines, SmPCs, and peer-reviewed literature.
Which imaging modalities are most effective for confirming a diagnosis of adenomyosis in primary care?
Transvaginal ultrasound is the most effective and preferred imaging modality for confirming a diagnosis of adenomyosis in primary care, espe...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
How should I monitor a patient with acromegaly after treatment to assess for disease control and potential complications?
Monitoring a patient with acromegaly after treatment involves regular assessment of disease control and surveillance for potential complications....
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the recommended first-line treatments for allergic rhinitis in adults and children?
For adults and children with allergic rhinitis, the recommended first-line treatment is the use of intranasal corticosteroids...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
How should I assess the severity of alcohol dependence in a patient presenting with harmful drinking behaviors?
To assess the severity of alcohol dependence in a patient presenting with harmful drinking behaviors, start with a brief triage assessment that includes eval...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
Are there any specific patient education points I should cover regarding sun protection for those with actinic keratosis?
For patients with actinic keratosis, who are at increased risk of skin damage and skin cancer, specific patient education points regarding sun protection sho...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the first-line treatment options for allergic conjunctivitis in adults and children?
First-line treatment options for allergic conjunctivitis in both adults and children primarily include the use of topical antihistamines and mast cel...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
How do I determine the likelihood of malignancy in an adrenal incidentaloma based on imaging characteristics?
To determine the likelihood of malignancy in an adrenal incidentaloma based on imaging characteristics, the primary factors to assess include lesion size, im...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
What follow-up schedule is appropriate for patients treated for actinic keratosis?
There is no specific UK national guideline that prescribes a fixed follow-up schedule for patients treated for actinic keratosis (AK). However, clinical prac...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the current guidelines for referring patients with suspected acoustic neuroma to secondary care?
Referral guidelines for suspected acoustic neuroma:Adults presenting with unilateral or asymmetric hearing loss, persistent unilatera...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
What criteria should I use to determine whether to refer a patient with suspected ACS to secondary care?
Refer people to hospital as an emergency if they currently have chest pain or if they are pain free but had chest pain in the last 12 hours and a resting 12‑...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
What routine monitoring is recommended for patients on long-term glucocorticoid replacement therapy for Addison's disease?
For patients undergoing long-term glucocorticoid replacement therapy for Addison's disease, routine monitoring includes:Blood pressure measuremen...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the referral criteria for a suspected case of ALL to a specialist haematology service?
For a suspected case of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, a **very urgent full blood count (within 48 hours)** should be offered in children and young people ...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
How should I assess the risk of myocardial infarction in a patient presenting with chest pain?
To assess the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in a patient presenting with chest pain, a comprehensive approach involving clinical assessment and specific...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
Which initial investigations are recommended for confirming a diagnosis of ALL in primary care?
In primary care, investigations are primarily aimed at identifying suspected cases of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) to facilitate urgent referral, rath...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
How should I manage an acute adrenal crisis in a patient with known Addison's disease?
In the event of an acute adrenal crisis in a patient with known Addison's disease, immediately administer intravenous or intramuscular hydrocortisone, as the...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the key clinical features that suggest a diagnosis of adenomyosis in a patient presenting with pelvic pain?
When a patient presents with pelvic pain, key clinical features that may suggest a diagnosis of adenomyosis include:Dysmenorrhoea:...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the recommended referral criteria for a patient with suspected acromegaly to an endocrinologist?
The provided UK guideline excerpts do not contain specific referral criteria for a patient with suspected acromegaly to an endocrinologist....
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
What screening tools are recommended for identifying alcohol use disorder in primary care settings?
For identifying alcohol use disorder in primary care settings, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) is recommended 1...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →
What are the key clinical features to consider when diagnosing Addison's disease in a primary care setting?
When considering Addison's disease (primary adrenal insufficiency) in a primary care setting, key clinical features to look for include unexplained hyperpigm...
16 Aug 2025View Answer →